Cracow ( full capacity designation Capital Royalty City cracow – city over Wisla on southerners Poland , second at home when Warsaw in respect amount flat wg GUS , on 2007 Cracow close out with this regard Łódz [2]) and second when Warsaw in respect top [1]; combine ex eldest towns Polish , of upwards of tysiącletniej story , soaring value cultural as well architectural. ON past hope Cracow enacted rolę administratively capital yours as well domicile sovereign Polish. Cracow is not capital voivodship malopolskiego and historical Malopolski , and item the Stock Exachange osrodkiem metropolitan agglomeration cracowian. Współczesnie Cracow is not villages to businesses powiatu , domicile control voivodship małopolskiego. Be situated herein główna domicile Polish College Craft , city possesses so Wiele establishment of value as well statue national m.in. National The old man Theatre , Museum Narodowe , Printing house Narodowa , Library Jagiellońska. Pełni function administratively , cultural edukacyjne gospodarcze , service as well turystyczn±. Is not one ex crucial węzłów road as well railway. ON Balicach under cracow be situated second with respect to big on Poland airport of value international as well reliability transatlantic.
O to chodziło?
Niektóre nie przetłumaczone bo nie pamiętam all słów ;p
Edit@
Lub tak
Kraków , in English also spelled Krakow or Cracow , is one of the largest and oldest cities in Poland, with a population of 756,336 in 2007 (1,403,247 in the Kraków-Tarnów unincorporated area).[1] Situated on the Vistula river (Polish: Wisła) in the Lesser Poland region, the city dates back to the 7th century.[2] It was the capital of Poland from 1038 to 1596, the capital of the Grand Duchy of Kraków from 1846 to 1918, and the capital of Kraków Voivodeship from the 14th century to 1999. It is now the capital of the Lesser Poland Voivodeship.
Kraków has traditionally been one of the leading centres of Polish scientific, cultural and artistic life. As the former national capital with a history encompassing more than a thousand years, the city remains the spiritual heart of Poland. It is a major attraction for local and international tourists, attracting seven million visitors annually. Famous landmarks include the Main Market Square with St. Mary's Basilica and the Sukiennice Cloth Hall, the Wawel Castle, the National Art Museum, the Zygmunt Bell at the Wawel Cathedral, and the medieval St Florian's Gate with the Barbican along the Royal Coronation Route. In 1978, UNESCO added Kraków's historic centre, which includes the Old Town, Kazimierz and the Wawel Castle to the list of World Heritage Sites.
In 1793 and 1795, Prussia made several further territorial gains in the second
and third partitions of Poland, including the Polish Capital, Warsaw
(Warszawa). These included the newly named 'South Prussia' (SĂźdpreussen), with
capital Posen (coloured pink on the map), 'New East Prussia' (Neu Ostpreussen)
with Warsaw (Warschau), and small annexe to Silesia called New Upper Silesia'
(Neu Oberschlesien). With the exception of the northern part of West Prussia,
which linked Pommerania to East Prussia, these gains were to be short-lived. As
a result of the Napoleonic Wars, when the boundaries of Europe were completely
redrawn in the favour of France (the German Rhineland being swallowed up in the
French Empire), and Prussia's defeat by Napoleon in 1807, nearly all the gains
of the Polish partitions were lost to a newly created, and equally short-lived
puppet state of France, the Grand Duchy of Warsaw. This defeat led to reforms
in the army and government, Prussia playing a prominent and decisive part as an
ally of England in the final victory over Napoleonic France.
The post-war Congress of Vienna (1814-15) returned to Prussia many of its
former holdings in West and South Prussia (renamed the Duchy of Posen) which
had been detatched by Napoleon, and added parts of Saxony (Sachsen) and large
areas of the Rhineland in the West, with a new corridor between the
new 'Western' and 'Eastern' parts of Prussia. The lost parts of Poland with
Warsaw (new East Prussia and the eastern part of South Prussia) were added to a
lost part of the earlier Austrian partition, which were joined to form
a 'Kingdom of Poland' and added to the Russian Empire. These eastern borders of
Prussia were to remain unchanged for over a century.
Andrzej Michalski napisał(a) w wiadomości:
<70qo49$qp@autumn.news.rcn.net...
Bylem ostatnio na stronie pod tytulem "Rulers of the World", adres
http://members.xoom.com/rotw . Historia Polski zaczyna sie wedlug autora
razem z rozpoczeciem panowania przez Kazimierz Wielkiego w 1333 r.
Moze ktos kompetetny sprostowalby tego cymbala wysylajac e-mail do niego.
Nawiasem mowiac historia Rosji rozpoczyna sie tam w 862 roku.
Z gory dzieki
Widzialem te strone i tam w ogole jest mnostwo pominiec, przeklaman
i niescislosci. No ale od Amerykanina trudno wymagac wiekszej wiedzy...
Poslalem im tam maila, o tresci takiej jak ponizej, z dokladna
szczegolowa lista wladcow Polski od Popiela do Kwasniewskiego ;-).
Za pare dni sprawdze, czy juz poprawili...
Mam nadzieje ze podana przeze mnie lista jest prawidlowa, moze jakis
historyk sprawdzi?
Pozdrawiam.
o/
-o----------------------------------------------------------------------
Dear Mr. Alex Garcia,
I visited the Web page
http://members.xoom.com/rotw/europe/poland.htm
from "Rulers of the world" and found severe omissions and mistakes
in the list of Poland's rulers. I enclose the full correct listing,
which you may want to use. For any additional information, feel
free to ask.
Regards,
Michal Szleper
Pre-Piast times
---------------
?
Popiel (questionable authenticity)
Piast dynasty - early Polish state
----------------------------------
Ziemowit
Leszek
Ziemomysl
<963- 992 Mieszko I
992-1025 Boleslaus I (the Brave)
1025-1031 Mieszko II
1031 Bezprym
1031-1034 Mieszko II
1039-1058 Casimir I (the Restorer)
1058-1079 Boleslaus II (the Bold, the Generous)
1079-1102 Ladislaus Herman
1102-1106 Zbigniew
1106-1138 Boleslaus III (the Wry-Mouthed)
1138-1146 Ladislaus II (the Exile)
1146-1173 Boleslaus IV (the Curly)
1173-1202 Mieszko III (the Old)
Piast dynasty - split (dukes of Cracow)
---------------------------------------
1177-1194 Casimir II (the Just)
1194-1227 Leszek (the White)
1202 Ladislaus (Spindleshanks)
1210-1211 Mieszko of Raciborz
1227-1228 Ladislaus (Spindleshanks)
1228 Conrad I of Mazovia
1228-1238 Henry I (the Bearded)
1238-1241 Henry II (the Pious)
1241 Boleslaw (the Bald)
1241-1243 Conrad I of Mazovia
1243-1279 Boleslaw V (the Bashful)
1279-1288 Leszek (the Black)
1288-1289 Henry IV (Probus)
1289 Ladislaus I (the Short)
1289-1290 Henry IV (Probus)
1290-1291 Przemysl II
Premislid dynasty
-----------------
1291-1305 Wenzel II of Bohemia
1305-1306 Wenzel III of Bohemia
Piast dynasty - reunified Polish Kingdom
----------------------------------------
1295-1296 Przemysl II
1306-1333 Ladislaus I (the Short)
1333-1370 Casimir III (the Great)
D'Anjou dynasty
---------------
1370-1382 Louis d'Anjou (of Hungary)
1382-1386 Jadwiga
Jagiellonian dynasty
--------------------
1386-1434 Ladislaus II Jagiello
1434-1444 Ladislaus III (the Varnian)
1444-1492 Casimir of Jagiellons
1492-1501 John Olbracht
1501-1506 Alexander of Jagiellons
1506-1548 Sigismond I (the Old)
1548-1572 Sigismond August
Elective kings
--------------
1573-1575 Henry III de Valois
1576-1586 Stephen Bathory
1587-1632 Sigismond III Vasa
1632-1648 Ladislaus IV Vasa
1648-1668 John Casimir Vasa
1669-1673 Michael Wisniowiecki
1674-1696 John III Sobieski
1697-1706 August II Wettin (the Strong)
1704-1709 Stanislaus Leszczynski
1709-1733 August II Wettin (the Strong)
1733-1736 Stanislaus Leszczynski
1733-1763 August III Wettin
1764-1795 Stanislaus August Poniatowski
Grand Duchy of Warsaw
---------------------
1807-1812 Frederic August Wettin
Romanov dynasty - the Vienna Congress Kingdom
---------------------------------------------
1815-1825 Alexander Romanov
1827-1830 Nikolay I Romanov
Presidents of the 2nd Republic
------------------------------
1918-1922 Jozef Pilsudski
1922 Gabriel Narutowicz
1922-1926 Stanislaw Wojciechowski
1926-1939 Ignacy Moscicki
People's Poland leaders
-----------------------
1947-1956 Boleslaw Bierut
1956 Edward Ochab
1956-1970 Wladyslaw Gomulka
1970-1980 Edward Gierek
1980-1981 Stanislaw Kania
1981-1990 Wojciech Jaruzelski
Presidents of the 3rd Republic
------------------------------
1990-1995 Lech Walesa
1995- Aleksander Kwasniewski
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Michal~ Szleper
IPJ; Hoza 69; 00-681 Warszawa; Poland
E-mail: Michal.Szle@fuw.edu.pl "All you need is love, love,
URL: http://www.fuw.edu.pl/~michals Love is all you need..."
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
